Scientific difference.

ABSTRACT American search on womens scientific underrepresentation has relied in the first place on studies in the United States, survey-type research and Western pagan models. This paucity of cross- ethnic data, especially from non-western cultures, impedes our sagaciousness of cross- cultural variations in the experience gender gap and satisfying cultural variant within American society. This paper reports results of anthropologically-oriented research exploring how the cultural and sociable context in which knowledge is learned and practiced contributes to the gendering of cognition. ethnographical research carried out in India in 1988 focused on feminine college student decisions to enter scientific academic fields. In 1989-90, the correction was expanded to a broader pre-college student s axerophtholle, victimization a culturally-meaningful questionnaire created for this purpose and 4 Western mathematics/science questionnaires adapted to the Indian context. Prelim inary analyses of these data suggest a theory of the sexual division of Indian scientific sweat in which macrostructural features (educational system, occupational and class structure) intersect with cultural models of family, gender, and science to frame the academic decision making process, producing, ultimately, a preponderantly male scientific community.

These findings question the generalizability of American-generated deficit theories of female scientific underrepresentation to non-Western cultural settings, suggest new factors that might be significant cross-culturally as well as in the West, and have implic ations for the role of international progra! ms for increasing womens scientific representation. Gender, science and technology has cause a focus of inquiry for scholars from a wide-variety of disciplines. The rich writings ranges from new forms of gender hierarchy resulting from technologies introduced by multinational corporations in trine World nations (cf. Warren and Bourque 1989) to the impact of cooperative knowledge strategies on girls performance in science courses (See Kelly 1992, Weisbard and Apple 1993 for a comprehensive bibliography). KEY WORDS: gender & science, Indian women, women and education, cross-cultural studies of, If you want to get a dear essay, put it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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