Compare the heroes Gilgamesh and Rama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compare the heroes Gilgamesh and Rama - Essay ExampleFirst, Gilgamesh is a sacred king in the ancient Babylonian kingdom who greatly possesses the trait of two-thirds master (Mitchell 10). By virtue of his god-like character, the Babylonian pack fear and follow the absolute monarchy practiced by Gilgamesh, the demigod of the bygone civilization. Like Gilgamesh, Rama is a divine king in the age-old India who greatly ruled his devoted subjects with universal or social sense of right and wrong (qtd. in Leeming, Madden, and Marlan 803). Second, Gilgamesh and Rama have sameness with respect to their journeys in finding their missions in life and/or love. On the one hand, Gilgamesh travels to varied and tortuous places in order to find the person who can tell him how to making water death (Mitchell 1). After his friends death, Gilgamesh journeys into the terra incognita which he, consequently, suffered all and accomplished all (qtd. in Mitchell 9). On the opposite hand, Rama travels t o the land of his mortal enemy in order to rescue his beloved Sita. On this way, Rama constantly remembers in the need to avoid the sense enemies lust, ire and greed (Das 69). And third, both epic heroes greatly share disaster (Gupta 23). The tragedy of Gilgamesh lies in his failure to attain immortality while Ramas tragedy lies in the unfaithfulness of his beloved. some(prenominal) stories of Gilgamesh and Rama are, by and large, shaped by their cultures and societies.

What do good leaders do to Motivate people Research Paper

What do good leading do to Motivate people - Research Paper precedentIt is their ability to influence and motivate others that made them highly successful leaders. From business and organization behavior perspectives, leaders are those who influence, motivate and control people with a view to cultivate social capital and employee zilch (Carmeli, Ben-Hador, Waldman & Rupp, 2009). Motivation is undeniably one of the most significant resources that leaders should make use to achieve organizational objectives, attain high performance working and ensure competitive edge. This piece of research attempts to present abstractive perspectives of leadership and to explain what and how leaders do things contraryly to motivate people. This paper, presenting succinct details on different leadership models, exemplifies ship canal and strategies that leaders take in to account to motivate their subordinates and get them involved in achieving organizational goals. Leadership is a unique person al and professional quality. It is necessarily an inborn quality concord to some researchers and it is made according to some other researches. Trait theory of leadership, one of the earliest theories of leadership that gave way to the Behavioral theory and Contingency theory, viewed that distinctive physical and psychological characteristics account for leadership and its effectiveness. divers(a) physical and psychological traits such as height, intelligence, attractiveness, self-reliance, creativity etc were studied and analyzed. Basic intelligence, clear and strong value and high level of personal energy were always listed in the main traits for effective leadership (Manning, Curtis and Manning, 2003, p. 16). In recent years, some researchers argued that leaders are made and not born. Warren Bennis is one of the most primary(prenominal) names who contributed much to leadership studies. He strongly disagreed with the concept that leadership is an innate ability. He delimit lea dership as the capacity to translate vision in to reality (Corcoran, 2008, p. 3). Being the founding handler of Warren Bennis tried to avoid the traditional view about leadership and the concepts of trait-theories, as he argued that leaders are made from training, education, developmental program and learning experiences. Based on this view, leaders can make out still more effective leaders and develop their skills further by testing and applying various strategies and techniques to unwrap influence and motivate their followers. Influence and motivation are important matters to leadership. From the fact that leaders effectiveness is influenced by training and developmental program, it can be understood that leaders can try several ways to motivate their people and thus to improve their leadership effectiveness. Effective

Global Sustainability And Key Needs In Future Of Automobile Industry Research Paper

Global Sustainability And Key Needs In next Of Automobile Industry - Research Paper ExampleThe financial concerns do impact the sustainability of the future of the machine industry, but another factor that has more impact is the increasing environmental concerns surrounding the industry. The global fruit in vehicle use has signifi crouptly increased fuel demand, materials and air emissions (Mcauley, 2003). consort to the statics provided by Euromonitor external (2007), the global oil consumption for transport was approximately 16.8 billion barrels. In terms of PESTEL analysis for the railway car industry, the use of oil is causing environmental concerns all around the world. As a result of the environmental threat, the automobile industry faces the challenge of reducing the vehicle impact on the environment so that it can be sustainable in terms of the environment over the next 50 years (Mcauley, 2003). This emphasizes the immensity of innovation in terms of technology to achiev e greater sustainability in the future.This research testament counseling on the future of automobile industry by evaluating the present conditions the industry is in and the achievement towards sustainable development while assessing the potential challenges and problems that argon causing a hindrance in this regard. The research will take into account two automobile manufacturers Toyota and General Motors and evaluate its sustainable development goals and assess if they are successful or not. The reason for doing so is to identify the problems and solutions based on the experience of Toyota and General Motors.According to the Toyota European Sustainability Report (2009), the UK automotive industry is at present facing huge challenges which are turn more complex given the economic downturn in the region and globally.

Health and pe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health and pe - Essay casefulBut how could I go about getting my people to exercise hard enough to chute keeping weight off before I was replaced as King? I only had clip to make about one Royal Decree before the official Weight and involve dinner party to see whether I would stay king. If the people had more weight on them than the last Weight and See Dinner, I would need to start looking for another profession. After a lot of heavy persuasion and finally falling asleep without a solution, I woke up the next morning with the perfect answer, saltationInstead of forcing my people to participate in strenuous activity, something none of them were necessarily naturally inclined to do, I simply performed a very active Dance of Thanksgiving in front of my astonished multitude just as breakfast was being served. After breakfast, I stood up and performed another dance, the Dance of merriment, which was slower because my full belly just wanted to stretch. I did this same activity befor e brunch, lunch, the good afternoon tea buffet, dinner and shadow feast. I had so much fun doing it that I could help express feelings through some of the dances and, by lunch, some of my people were looking more interested than shocked. By the nighttime feast, about half of them were joining me in the dances. By lunch the next day, everyone was dancing in violent movements of celebration before each meal and slower dances after each meal. By the third day, I caught my people dancing randomly during their other daily tasks just for the joy of movement.This was the perfect solution to the difficulty for many reasons. First, my people were participating in strenuous activity completely voluntarily, so they didnt envy me for imposing a new rule and they didnt resent the activity as something that they had to squeeze in between their other daily activities.Second, dancing is fun and it makes your body feel good, which is itself an encouragement to keep doing it. It as well as made the food preparers feel good because we

Infection control and prevention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Infection control and prevention - Essay exampleInsertion of central venous catheters (CVCs) has become commonplace in the peri-operative and intensive c be setting. Over the years, they ready played a reliable berth in patient of care for haemodynamic management, patent intravenous rise to power in patients suffering from chronic illnesses and administration of parenteral nutrition and different chemotherapeutic agents. The three sites that are utilized for central venous catheter insertion are internal jugular, subclavian and femoral. Although, like any other medical intervention, these catheters shake off their own share of complications, it is the risk of infection, which has the most serious clinical and economic repercussions for the patient, doc and health care facility with high morbidity and mortality.One survey determined that central lines are associated with more than 40% of blood stream infections in England. Thus, it is imperative that strict infection control m easures are implement during the care of CVCs. Risk of infection in peri-operative setting would depend upon whether the CVC is kept in situ for a big time or it is removed post surgery. Otherwise, rest of the discussion about CRBSI is applicable to ICU as well as peri-operative setting. Definition and diagnosis of CRBSI Catheter cerebrate blood stream infection (CRBSI) is a typeface of hospital acquired infection which is clinically defined as fungemia or bacteremia in a patient with CVC in situ, as shown by positive blood culture from a peripheral vein, along with clinical signs of infection, but no other apparent source for positive blood culture. ... , or, blood sample from a peripheral vein and sample drawn from the catheter hub (IDSA 2012)) Risk of CRBSI in perioperative and ICU setting Many factors need been investigated for the role that they are likely to play in the development of these infections. The factors which have been most commonly scrutinized for their role i n causation of CRBSI are Selection of the type of catheter single lumen catheters have a pooh-pooh incidence of CRBSI than multiple lumen, antimicrobial impregnated catheters favorite(a) in centres with high rates of CRBSI or prolonged fate of CVC (reference no.23), role of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) the site of CVC insertion Subclavian most preferred, femoral least preferred hand hygiene technique should be accurately followed aseptic precautions and skin preparation followed during insertion occasion of gloves and barrier precautions, skin preparation with chlorhexidine in alcoholic solution nature and material of the dressing employ over the insertion site antibiotic ointment systemic antibiotic prophylaxis antimicrobial flush and still solutions anticoagulant flush replacement of CVCs Replacement of IV administration sets handling of the CVC port by nursing and other health care staff USG guidance at the time of insertion Various studies and clinical trials support or contradict these factors. Also, there are evidence based practices and interventions based on these related factors and derived from the existing knowledge about infection control, which, when diligently followed in ICUs and other health care settings, have demonstrated a decrease in the rate of development of CRBSI (National Institute for Clinical Excellence 2003, health care Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee 2011). Pathogenesis of Catheter

Thomas Wolsey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Thomas Wolsey - Essay ExampleHowever, Wolsey was no false-faced upstart, but a passing intelligent fellow. It is reported that, he took his degree as a Bachelor of the Arts at the precise early age of fifteen, which so impressed the scholars at Oxford that he was called the boy-bachelor (Ridley, 1982, p. 18). Later he also took an M.A. and became a headmaster. True, Wolsey had ambition, and his education, entry into the priesthood, and transitional positions were stepping-stones to a power, but who can fault ambition in a creation of humble origins His father sent him to Oxford because he wanted a better life for his son. The law at the time was still skewed against the lower classes. Only a complete fool would non appetency to move up in the socio-economic hierarchy, and Wolsey was far from a fool.He never had difficultly impressing his social superiors, beginning with his initiative patron, the Marquess of Dorset. Even though Dorset died shortly after appointing Wolsey rector , Wolsey had made other powerful friends, and soon became chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury and hence the Governor of Calais, giving Wolsey a wide experience of many sides of government, especially of relations with foreign countries, and a foothold in the government service (Ridley, 1982, p. 22). In this politically sensitive come onpost of English rule, Wolsey had the fortune to learn about the problems of many aspects of government administration and to show his efficiency in dealing with them (Ridley, 1982, p. 23). He must maintain the lines of communication between the Crown and those owing allegiance to England in Calais he must keep an eye on the French military and guard against French spies. These things he did without heat content VIII, who was not yet big businessman.In fact, as a result of his skillful work in Calais, Wolsey became a chaplain in Henry VIIs court and worked with those who made foreign policy. He succeeded, on his own, on sensitive diplomatic missions to Scotland, Austria, and the Netherlands, piece receiving special dispensations from the Church. Prior to Henry VIIIs ascension, Wolsey garnered remarkable power and prestige by navigating his responsibilities and balancing his social connections, for which reasons only we must discard the idea that his later power and prestige sprung directly from manipulation and deceit toward the ability.When Henry VIII came to power, The accession of a handsome and dashing young king in place of his chary and money-grasping father was welcomed by the people (Ridley, 1982, p. 28), but it was the differences between the two kings that allowed Wolsey to rise through the ranks. The old King had been conservative and dedicated to his role as King. The young King was fiscally liberal and immediately began taping the coffers for clothes, jewels, and parties. He resented boring duties and disliked those who advised him to spend more time at them. Wolsey knew how to please the king. spot others urged Henry to preside at Council meetings, as his father had done, and to devote his time to affairs of the state, Wolsey offered to carry out all the work of government while Henry hunted and amused himselfWolsey found out what the king wanted, and did it (Ridley, 1982, p.

How the internet has changed world culture Essay - 2

How the mesh has changed world culture - Essay ExampleIn the modern world, battalion are always coming up with new innovations in reference to technology. To understand the impact of the internet on various aspects of our culture, it is important to define culture. Culture is the great unwasheds way of life. It includes collective and common principles and ideals, notions, and traditional souvenir that defines a group of people passed across generations.Computers and the internet have changed our education system. Due to the easy recover of information, people are able to advance in terms of education. The internet has also impacted on trade and industry. The internet gives people a platform through which they back advertise and promote their products. mountain therefore get clients or customers through the various social sites. This has significantly improved the financial conditions of some(prenominal) individuals (Bradley and Carvey 104). Through the internet, people are abl e to look for and comprehend the cultural values and traditions practised by other communities. This has made work easier. In other words, people used to travel for long distances to research and learn other cultures.The internet has changed the way people communicate and relate with each other. In the past, people used to have a physical meeting in order to socialise. at once, this trend has changed since people can easily catch up through the many social sites facilitated by the internet. People can socialise straight off using mobile phones and personal computers. In fact every gadget of communication today has been computerised. It is easy to find people socialising via the internet like friends but in real nose out they have never met. Communication and interaction in homes has also changed as a result of computers and the internet. Today children do not find time to connect with parents and other people in their lives because computers have sedulous their free time (Bradl ey and Carvey 104).On the other hand, people have forgotten their cultural values as a

Corporate governance and social responsibility investment Essay

Corporate governance and social responsibility investment - Essay ExampleIt is conceivably foreseeable that crises lead to calls for improved pattern of business actors, such as the debate over the world economic predicament. Nevertheless, such methodical crises are unusual. On the other hand, alliance failure following a wrongdoing is a more frequent occurrence. For illustration, Maxwell and BCCI in the UK, WorldCom and Enron in the United States and Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank of Germany are examples of corporations that stimulate collapsed as a result of wrongdoing. Such incarnate scandals have resulted in the establishment and improvement of company governance codes, which are put in place to monitor corporate conduct generally, and act of corporate directors in specificity (London stock exchange, 2012). The codes are either wholly voluntary such as the financial coverage council of 2008 in the United Kingdom, or a sort of legal and voluntary elements like the 2008 Ge rman code. As thus, they may be taken as apparatus of negotiable law or a mixture of soft and in limber law. Within the code elements, individual rules might be flexible or rigid. Advocates of flexible law of explanation assert that it has fundamental flexibility, which is not present in rigid laws and the aspiration to aline to societal norms yields indisputable observance. Flexible laws are the rules of conduct that have no lawful obligatory force, which may have practical upshots. Though corporations and their directors may opt to conform or not match flexible law, a generally held supposition is that actions are more likely to be consistent with codified regulation and declarations of best practice. Since flexible law is not lawfully obligatory, its execution has to solely rest on the free grace of those agreeing to and affected by it. Apparently, where such goodwill is not present, flexible law may result in flexible observance. Where benevolence and the aspiration to confo rm subsist, conformance may not be the most operable alternative for corporations and their directors. They may set out that the doctrine supporting a specific regulation on bets practice will be best served by non-conforming. In addition, they might be safeguarded from conforming for reasons beyond their control (The European voice of directors, 2012 Australian council of super investors, 2010). The use of prudence to establish conformance or non-conformance may be helpful to both regulators and the regulatees. Comply or explain may assume some(prenominal) forms. Compliance means severe observance to every detail of the rule or to the primary rule, or both. Germany advocates the formation of an audit committee to act as the oversight of the entire audit process in a large company. Non conformance is commonly warranted by the resort to firm-or industry level specifics, or against the judiciousness of definite code terms. The flexibility of the laws, that is, explain might lead to corporate scandal and eventual collapse. For illustration, the one-year report by the Hypoereinsbank (Germany) vindicated its non-conformance (explain) with the certain rules necessitating that directors and officers responsibility insurance has a deductible with the plain rehearsal responsible act is an understood obligations of the members, no deductible is needed for that. In the same

Creating the Appearance of Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Creating the Appearance of Science - Essay ExampleAdditionally, the allegations made against Hwang as to the non-validity of his findings will be discussed.The work of Hwang Woo Suk was aimed at successful cloning as well as furthering stem cell seek. Based on Hwangs findings however, it was alleged that Hwang was guilty of fraud, embezzlement and of violating multiple bioethical regulations. It was in any case alleged that Hwang had been dealing with the Russian Mafia in order to obtain samples of mammoth DNA for the purposes of cloning. Hwang was in any case accused of utilizing money intended for research, toward his own personal financial gain. Pertaining to bioethics, Hwang was alike accused of purchasing gentleman being eggs in exchange for IVF treatments, thus violating a law which prohibits the buying or interchange of human eggs or sperm. Specifically, this law makes it illegal for one to sell ones eggs or sperm in exchange for any personal gain. Although the currency was in fact a treatment, as opposed to monetary exchange, it is still viewed as a means of personal gain for the individual selling or trading the genetic material.Hwangs work was relevant to a highly controversial and also growing field of Scientific research. Stem cell research and bioengineering are on the faux pas edge of modern Science and the race is on to see who is able to achieve breakthroughs in this nation which benefit the human race without violating bioethical laws and regulations. When Hwang released his findings and the findings of his research team, scientists from around the world were eager to learn the details of the research as well as to confirm the viability and authenticity of that research, Hwang electrified the scientificMost of the work involved in stem cell research has been motivated by aspirations of improving and lengthening human life spans. oneness possibility for successful cloning, is the harvesting of human organs for perfect blood and tissue matches with that of the recipient. Additionally, stem

Joe Keller Character Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Joe Keller Character Analysis - Essay ExampleIn the plays plot, on that point exists other characters who play signifi flowerpott bureaus in the storys development, characters who will help in expounding on this papers thesis that revolves around dynamism and static nature. This paper will construe in depth at the alive(p) character of Chris, who is the son to Joe and Katie. Chris is a dynamic person because of his expected value to see change, his romantic relationship with Kate and because of his heroism in the war. Chris Keller was a soldier who found his way sign of the zodiac after the war and was disturbed by what he saw when he came back. He was principally luxuriant by the fact that the world and in specificity his parents home and neighborhood was unperturbed regardless of the war ordeals. He is naturally dynamic because of his anticipation to see change as a leave alone of the war in which he had fought hard to survive. Chris is portrayed as a man who had succumbed to change as a result of the war in which he had observed some of his colleagues fight do hard but in the end died. We used to shoot a man who acted like a dog, but honor was real there ...But here? This is the land of the great big dogs, you dont love a man here, and you eat him. Thats the principle the just now one we live by - it just happened to kill a few people this time, thats all. The worlds that way... (Andrew 167). ... Chris Keller is a dynamic person on the basis of his romantic relationship to Ann, who is a former girlfriend to Chris brother, Larry. In the line of descent Chris and Ann had fallen in love as they used to write letters to each other. Chris even pass her to come to his home to propose marriage. Chris is a dynamic character because at first he treasured to be with Ann, but at the end of the play he no longer wants her, and this is illustrated in the converse they have close to the end of the play. The conversation goes like Ann I am coming with youChri s No, Ann, I cant make that Ann I do not ask you to do anything about Joe. I avow I never will Chris Yes, you do. In you hart you always will. Chris did not want to be with her any longer because he started thinking that she is going to look at him like in his dad. In the beginning he believed in honest of his father and at the end he changed his mind. At the end of the play, we find Chris to be a person who came to be devastated after learning of his fathers deceit and outright lies in the case of selling damaged cylinder heads to the American Air force fighting in arena War two. For three years, Joe had lied about his involvement in the sale of the damaged cylinder heads and wholly blamed his business associate Steve Deever of the sub-standard products. Steve was found blameworthy and incarcerated whereas Gorge was set free. Fate would play its role when Steves son, George pays visits him (Steve) in jail. George learns from his father how Joe had set him up whereas he was innoc ent. The enraged George finds his way to Joes family augury to face him and his family about his deceitful actions. It is in this scenario that

Planing and Forcasting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Planing and Forcasting - Research Paper ExampleKey talking to Forecast, firearmagement, planning, analysis, tools and techniques. Quality and performance. Introduction and scope of implementation The two tools of planning and forecasting are not check to any(prenominal) specific field or circumstances rather they find their application in menial scaled organization, and small scale projects, to large scale. Apart from the scale parameter, they find their application in opposite forms of organizations namely private, public, governmental, nonprofit, services industry, educational, planning commissions, human resource management nay they are broad in their scope and application and are equally effective regardless of the size or nature of organization. The fatality and realization for these two modes of operations grew further in the post world war two scenario when scientific management and other advanced methods of operations and businesses were introduced. Generic interpretat ion of the two terms Apart from their adept details, specifications and usage in technical jargon, each of these have generic interpretation to their usage. Planning in any circumstances within the organizational ambit pertains to the organizing of activities or personnel. It is to plan and administer the scheme of actions, evaluating the availability of resources and man power (Caruth,et.al, 2008, 117), limitations of the organization and based on that make decisions that would allow for better outcomes with regard to the planned actions. foretell in the same parameter pertains to the foreseeing and assessing the situation and variables in accordance with the future prospect. It is the scientific and rational estimation of the upcoming events, activities, and resources. forecasting allows for keeping the financial factor in check and preventing any increased spendings or pro immenseed activity time span which would go against the preplanned program. Modes of Planning and Foreca sting Both these functions may be performed in a formal manner or a regular in parallel on job activity. Informal planning of forecasting may not be as effective as the formally conducted attend toes in each category (Boyle, 2006, 8). Informal operations in these categories may result in extra resources inclusion and extra activities performance. Under the formally undertaken measures, the two work on separate lines, in a specific measure and allow better outcomes extraction. Forecasting Within a managerial process and business, forecasting can be implemented in different categories. It may be implemented in the foodstuffing sector, finance department, control processes, manufacturing and production activities (Stair et.al, 2010, 375). In the category of marketing, it allows for interpreting the future trends in the market and based on that the formalizing of strategy with regard to resources and expertise allocation. In the category of Finance management, handling of assets, int ent of profit rates, interest rates evaluation and overall stocks values handling is enabled through the techniques of forecasting (Keown et.al, 2005). likewise in the production processes, it allows giving an insight of the number of items to be produced, the need that would arise in long term, the costs that would be incurred in future against the present value of costs for a given process. Forecasting may be done in number of ways.

Impact of Globalization On the State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Impact of Globalization On the State - Essay ExampleThe globalization has brought forth many an(prenominal) differences that pertain to unlike national identities working together to in the direction of achieving a particular task. In addition, the globalization is responsible for the narrowing happy chance in the economic conditions of the world. The people from different nationalities work for multi-national companies, which put forward excellent salary packages. The free market economic principals, combined with capitalist ideology are the private road force for world economies currently working in tandem. This paper discusses few of the impacts that the world is witnessing from globalization, while it rout out be said that it has brought verificatory change to the state affairs, there the raging debate on its positive and negative impact. The effects of globalization are seen in terms of both positive and negative impacts for different countries, around the world. The posit ive impact is the growth in the economy that has resulted in better living standards and prosperity for the larger society. However, the negative impacts include the new wave of migration of human resources from developing to developed nations, which can result in loss of employment in developed countries and forced changes in the social strictures. The new gap created by globalization between rich and poor also leads to increase in criminal offenses. In addition, rich countries may witness depletion in resources, while bringing more pollution problems in virtually other countries. The direct result of globalization is the outsourcing of manufacturing facilities by countries like the USA to developing nations in Asia. This has resulted in the loss of employment for skilled workers in such countries. The establishment of call centers in Asian countries that take to heart to queries from European and American consumers of a particular product or service is an example in this direc tion.

Formal research report topic Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Formal radical topic - Research Paper ExampleThis section result form the foundation of the research and will assist in development of the comparison between the two companies.Pepsi is one of the leading snitchs of cola drinks across the world. Pepsi was founded in 1898 when a pharmacist experimented with various juices and syrups and invented the famous beverage Pepsi. With the intense efforts by the company and the extremely levels of merchandising and advertising, the company became renowned across the world. The company has adopted a number of different strategies for marketing as well as sales and has been up to(p) to develop strong brand recognition and brand equity across the globe (Pepsi, 2010). Pepsi owns a major part of the overall markets and the company has been adequate to draw a strong brand image globally. coca Cola is one of the leading companies throughout the world. coca Cola has left a major mark on the industriousness and is recognized for to be the large st and approximately famous soft drinks company across the world. The company was introduced in 1886 when the company produced a drink with the Coca Cola syrup and carbonated water in Atlanta. However over the years the company has swelled to become the worlds largest and most well known companies across the world. Coca Cola has withal been able to create goodwill and a trademark for itself. which has become invaluable and the goodwill that the company has been able to create for itself is very high. Coca Cola has been able to use its brand image and to develop and find out from the complete physical property loss that the company had been faced with. The company however with the name that it had created had been able to develop and gain back its position in the market (Coca Cola, 2010).Both the companies being giants in the industry will be compared and contrasted on three main areas, a) Strengths and weaknesses, b) financial perspectives and c) a comparison of the two companie s as competitors.Pepsi Co. has seen a high

British and Nigerian Foundation Curriculum Essay

British and Nigerian Foundation Curriculum - Essay ExampleFurthermore, education in UK is regarded as a consumer well behaved. That is, it is aimed at ontogenesis the human personality and mental development of skills, talents, ideas, scope and present knowledge so as to be used by the individual in enriching his knowledge, self-esteem and personality. Thus education in UK is aimed at exploitation an individual soci bothy and intellectually and for transmitting norms and values in individuals. Emphasis is on child-centered learning by using the existing body of knowledge that is encyclopedias, web and other reference books. It aims at developing the firm person, including vocationalism by involving visits to the field of businesses, firms and organization. As a final result, a person of a groomed personality with eloquence and makings is trained also to face economic challenge of raising the countrys GDP and maintaining it.During further phases of similarity and constrast, Card D. and A.B Krueger (1992) state that in Britain, there are grammar schools where students are selected on the basis of class and creed. in that location are non-selective or comprehensive schools where anyone willing to acquire education is welcomed. However, comprehensive schools follow the curriculum of grammar schools and their locus of control has been shifted to government in recent years. Exams completely dominate the curriculum and now virtually all schools let down all less adequate to(p) pupils. Reforms introduced include encouragement of initiatives in form of specie investment and change in way of measuring performance. Performance criteria are based now on standards wanted and the end results envisioned. Performance is measured by comparing the effort put in with the calibre of performance outcomes. Nigeria direction PolicyAccording to the 3rd edition of National Policy on Education released by Federal Republic of Nigeria (1998), Education in Nigeria is regarded more as a capital good than as a consumer good. It is aimed at developing human capital to prepare people to be able to perform functions that are needed to transform the environment around themselves and their standard of living. Since absence of developed talents, skills, qualification and education and expertise has always resulted in retarded economic growth, it is very essential for Nigeria to stress on development of human capital. British Curriculum for Foundation StageAccording to Marcon, R. A. (2002), the British curriculum aims at creating individuality and independence in the young minds from the stage of their infancy. Thus their nursery for infants has an enclosed playground with sort entrance. Moreover, each classroom has books, toys, puzzles and other sources of knowledge and entertainment within easy reach of the children so as to promote child independence. In other words, the child wont have to ask an adult for help in accessing the resource. Instead, the infant will just crawl up to or toddle down to grab anything that is craved for. Legislation that governs the curriculumThe British curriculum is suggested and approved by the British Department of Education (BDE) and Qualifications and

Six sigma theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Six sigma theory - Essay exercisingand then compare them to the statistics of their performance after which a measure is undertaken to help determine the suitability of electric current study strategies. Remarkably, a student who employs the six-sigma theory is observed to not only forgo their previous strategies, nevertheless also measure previous success based on these strategies, which facilitate the identification of where the problem is in case of deteriorating academic results.An eminent observation also in real life performance of six-sigma theory in academics is the fundamental aim of the theory, which involves the implementation of improved measurement-based strategies (Rojas 104). These strategies focus on the improvement of the existing measures that help a student design and implement changes to the unsuccessful study process. The students is also matches his/her performance to develop the requirements needed for implementing the new study process. Additionally, a s tudent is able constitute and implement new control that prevent the problem of failing in certain course/subjects and uphold the results achieved from the achievements. Another observation in the application of the theory in academics is that students are able to reflect on their improved strategies to safeguard long-lasting success.Rojas, Alejandro J. Sustaining learner Achievement Six Sigma Strategies And Successful Urban School District Superintendents. 1st ed. Los Angeles, California University of Southern California, 2008.

Otherness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Otherness - Essay ExampleThe domination of inborn Americans by European settlers, relegated them to no longer be masters of their identity. In films and books they were portrayed as infuriated and ignorant. They met the typical definition of the early(a) in that in the eyes of the dominant group they lacked some innate quality (The Other, 2010). This othering of a group within connection has very negative consequences. It is well illustrated in Sherman Alexies story This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona. This stpry bear witnesss readers approximately life on a reservation. Identity is at its tenderness especially the tension between an identity you make for yourself and one that is given to you by someone much powerful. Alexies story tells the reader a great deal close to what life can be resembling for Native Americans. It shows the serious social conditions on reservations and the breakdown of family relations due to substance abuse and other problems. The truth is that many Native Americans today live in the shadow of a trauma that was do to them many years ago. We have to have a sense of history if we are to understand plenty like Victor or Thomas Builds the Fire. These are men who are placed outside of society and whose sense of self is shaped not by their own dreams and ambitions but by a stern effort to define them as others, as not full citizens. It is no wonder that faced with this aff fitting of onslaught so many Native Americans struggle with substance abuse problems. The fact that much of the darn of this story takes place on a reservation is key. The Natives have been separated from the rest of society. They live on their small plots of lands with their own rules. They are not assimilated. In fact, few people know much active them. They are, in a sense, outside of history. History plays a major role in defining identities. What Alexie manages to show us, however, is how the characters in his story are more than blank canvas ses or merely Otherthey are accepted live human beings, facing their own struggles to shape their own place in the world. They are, for example, still able to forgive one another, as Thomas Builds the Fire is willing to forgive Victor. Thomas is passionate about story grievousto him it is a ways to find his own place in the world and take some control over his circumstances. This is how a group defined as Others does its best to fight backby telling its own stories about itself. In this story, it is Thomas who is ostracized on the reservation. Alexie represents otherness through the treatment of Thomas by the band. Anyone who is seen to have an imagination is considered to be different. Thomas tells the same damn story over and over over again (Alexie, 62), and for this reason in part is seen to be different. When he breaks his leg, he is hated, for being imaginative enough to include his dream, even if only for a moment. This is how otherness is represented. Alexies perspective on otherness is surely a part of his own personal experiences growing up as an Indian in America. He grew up on a Washington reservation as part of a marginalized community. On top of that, he had a childhood disease which marked him out as different (Konigsberg). These things certainly shaped his relationships with others. He must have felt like an outsider looking in, a victim of other peoples preconceptions about him. It is useful to teach our children about these kinds of issues because they crop up everywhere in society. However, the discussion can be a little complex. The

Intrest throughout the three stories Essay Example for Free

Intrest throughout the three stories EssaySherlock Holmes is the main character in the tier, as in all the Sherlock Holmes stories. He is a very proper and goodly man with an superior gift. He is Observant and analytical person and can obtain a large amount of instruction from a small amount of clues, which most others would overlook. From early on in the story Holmes does not veer to show off his detective skills when he meats Helen Stoner You have come in by demand this morning, I see. I observe the second half of a return ticket in the medallion of marks be perfectly fresh.There is no vehicle save a dog-cart which throws up mishandle in that way, and then only when you sit on the left-hand side of the driver. This shows that Holmes considers these observations to be trivial, and that they do not stretch his talent whatsoever. Doctor Watson is Holmes assistant. He is a fully qualified doctor and so a clever man, but succeeding(prenominal) to Holmes he often comes acr oss as a clumsy, less intelligent person. This contrast makes Holmes and Watson an interesting duo to read about. Watson is used for occasional humour during the story.It is very apparent that Watson admires Holmes I had no keener pleasure than in following Holmes in his professional investigations and admiring his rapid deductions. Finally, Conan-Doyle uses Watson to put forward questions and opinions, which the reader may be thinking of. Holmes never openly rejects these opinions, but nor does he accept them or help Watsons questions clearly. This creates red herrings, which ensure that the outcome of the story remains a mystery to the reader.Helen Stoner, the lady that has come to Holmes for help, is pictured in this story as the damsel in distress. She is in desperate need of assistance and has no one else to turn to. Whilst Helen is trying to explain her predicament to Holmes, He is very calm and collective and does not let her tell the story in full immediately he frequently asks for details or interrupts Helen. This keeps the reader interested because he or she is eager to learn the story. Holmes attitude towards Helen reflects the time the story was create verbally in.Holmes is very sympathetic and gentlemanly towards Helen you must not fear, said he soothingly, bending forward and patting her forearm. We shall short set matters right, I have no doubt. Holmes is not being sexist in his assumption that Helen is bemused and afraid, he is merely showing the attitude towards women that was shared by most men at that time. Holmes knows that Helen take help from someone who is reassuring and confident. Roylott is Helens stepfather. Roylott is an aggressive, violent character who threatens Holmes by bending his poker.Roylott is the prime suspect in the story for the reader, because the death of his stepdaughters would mean he would receive their inheritance. Throughout the story, Conan-Doyle gives some(prenominal) clues as to the outcome of the mystery . Firstly, when Helen is weighty her story from the beginning, the reader learns that Roylott, who would inherit an amount of money in the case of the two sisters deaths, is a short-tempered, heartbreaking man who has a history of violence There was a series of disgraceful quarrels and brawls with anyone giving him the to the lowest degree offence.These clues make Roylott the prime suspect for the death of Julia Stoner. Secondly, although it leaves many questions unanswered, Helen reveals that Julias last words were Helen It was the traffic circle The Speckled band . It turns out that she was describing the snake that bit her. Finally, at that place are several(prenominal) important clues given in Helens bedroom, next to Roylotts room, before the plot is unfolded. Above Helens bed, which is fixed to the floor, is a bell rope that does not work, and a breathing apparatus. The ventilator is in a very strange place the dividing wall amid the two rooms.It turns out that these fea tures were to pass on the snake to sire to Helen. Such clues were intended to intrigue the reader and hint to the reader, giving them a incur to work the mystery out for themselves. These clues are typical of the mystery musical genre. There are also several red herrings in the story, for example, the gypsies living in the grounds It must have been those wretched gypsies in the plantation. These points are irrelevant but raise questions in the mind of the reader, making them want to read on. Conan-Doyle also uses tensity to keep the reader interested.When Holmes and Watson are waiting for the snake to arrive in Helens room, they are in darkness and speak in whispers. Holmes makes it clear to Watson that they are in considerable danger and must not get caught. Conan-Doyle also uses language techniques such as shorter sentences to achieve this tension. At the end of the story, as was common in stories of this genre, Holmes gives an explanation of the crime for the benefit of the reader. The Devils Foot is similar to The Speckled Band in that from the start there is a character that we have reason to suspect Mortimer.At first, Mortimer does not seem to be as vicious an enemy as Roylott, as was common in the time the story was written, but several clues unearthed by Holmes point the finger at him. The bump off in this case is also similar to the murder in The Speckled Band. It is a very horrific and mysterious murder that some in the story hope to be of a supernatural nature. Murders like this were often present in stories of this time and genre and were designed to fascinate and shock the reader. Holmes, however, says if it is beyond this world then it is certainly beyond me.This makes the reader believe that there must be a logical or scientific explanation. The crime is again lick by Holmes, who solves the mystery by noticing small clues and gathering information, in this case, noticing the link of combustible powder between the two rooms in which the murders took place. To support his idea of this powder being the cause of the deaths, Holmes puts his life on the line and tries it on himself. This eccentricity and willingness to go so far to solve a crime makes Holmes all the to a greater extent interesting and unusual to the reader.

Assessments - Nutrition - Food Groups Essay Example for Free

Assessments Nutrition Food Groups EssayMy first grade class is dynamic in a health lesson that will introduce them to the nutrition conclaves. They will use MyPlate as a resource for learning the fare groups and what foods are included in each group. The objective of this lesson is that the bookman smoke name foods that belong to each of the food groups labeled on MyPlate. Our health goal will be using MyPlate as a healthy eating tool and our vocabulary words will be food group and MyPlate. We will authority foods in each of the five food groups and know the food groups by name and color coding Grains (orange), Vegetables (green), Fruits (red), Dairy (blue) and Protein (purple).Students will be assessed on their ability to place and/or name foods in the appropriate food group. Students will be placed in sound judgement groups based on their level of side proficiency. The students will be assessed as follows * Beginning ELL students will be shown a photograph of a food and be told the name of the food (ie photograph of an apple with teacher speaking the word apple) the student will then be asked to point to the food group on MyPlate (see attachment 1) (www. cnpp. usda. gov) in which the apple belongs.Intermediate ELL Students will be given photographs of food with the name of the food along with a blank MyPlate (see attachment 2) (www. choosemyplate. gov). They will be asked to color each food group and then place the foods in the appropriate food group. * Advanced ELL Students will be given a blank MyPlate (see attachment 2) (www. chosemyplate. gov) and be asked to hold open the names of at least three of their favorite foods in each group and then color the food groups the appropriate colors.The selective information gathered from the assessments will let me know how they comprehended and understood the lesson and will start to give me a snapshot of their English proficiency. Did they visualize the words when they were spoken to them? Are th ey apple to read words associated with a photograph? Can they write words based on their knowledge and the lesson that was taught? Nutrition is taught every year in Kindergarten through fifth rade so a student of any levelELL, SPED, Gifted, and Regular Education can be evaluated and prior years knowledge can be compared. Did the first grade beginning ELL student move up at least one level by second grade? Are they considered proficient by fifth grade? Portfolios can be made and follow the ELL student through school so that teachers can compare previous years work to the work they are doing that year. They can emotional state for improvement in their English proficiency as well as the knowledge in the contented areas being taught.As a teacher with ELL students I would not only look to teach them our English words for our foods moreover I would label to pull photographs of foods that might be important to their culture. I would try to find foods they are already familiar with and show them where they fit in the world of nutrition. Using this data would help create a comfort zone for them because they would at least recognize the photograph of the food and learn how we say it in English.Once the assessments are performed we will be able to determine if the student is capable of learning the content even though English proficiency may be low. If they fix low then we will know that we have to continue to improve their English to help them in all content areas. If they are scoring high, while we will continue to improve their English but we will know they are capable of learning and understanding the content being presented to them. A teacher might consider placing the ELL student in peer groups with English speaking students to help increase their fluency.

The Value of Christian Higher Education Essay Example for Free

The Value of Christian higher(prenominal) Education EssayIntroduction The pick of getting an education in order to prep ar a future c beer or traffic is daunting for most especially those who believe the effects of training that anyone will receive from a incident institution. In these days of violence non only in streets yet also in spite of appearance the campuses, masses gen date of referencelly start to think hard slightly the education young people get within the academic halls.It is no wonder also that the family think hard where they use the children to tame. The essence of this paper then is whether Christian Higher Education distinctly can mould and contribute much to the fixment of citizens in their responsibilities toward the community where they revolve. This paper attempts to describe the value of Christian higher education and seeks to convince the reader round the contributions that belonging and training in academic institutions that incorporate the scriptural principles (White 1911).It starts with family set E genuinely home has its habilitate of beliefs or tradition that they hold in high esteem. This is referred to as family value. Anything that the family believes is important comprises a family determine system. Among the values an individualist possesses, the most important is that a person must regard most his/her values about family as the most significant. Many people dont usually pause and contemplate what their values atomic number 18. They may not know whether these values they already drive are still practical or useful in a modern day world. Moreover, they do not think how their values convulsion in with their kind of milieu that they evolve in. There are families that take judgment of conviction out though to impart to their children what had been passed on to them when they too were yet very young. The values may not be as strong as when were yet children because the person may corroborate adapted to his world and adjusted his values that early(a)s may be accommodated. Through the years, a family value system may be a conspiracy of what had been passed on to an individual and the values system of ones friends or colleagues at work. Why are family values important? The primary quill reason is that what people hold as important affects how they use time, gold and energy.If a family believes the importance of education then parents try to save for the schooling of their children which includes books among others. Family values influence how individuals spend their resources and make decisions. Parents then need to communicate what their own family values are, why these are important and the specifics of what are most essential that the children must also adopt or follow. Children also need to respect others who have dissimilar value system as compared to their own. Most likely values will evolve but when parents lead the children and model these beliefs, their children will be able to learn and pass these on to the next propagation (Values what are they?2007).Discussion Christianity presents as an ideology, persuasion and religion that is relevant as well as able to offer lasting solutions to the ills of individuals and societies. Because of this premise, churches ever since the pioneering days were and are instrumental in the training and rearing of children. Historical Background The history of American Christian education in general point to the primary influence of the church in the establishment of education both with what is now secular and the religion establish types. The American Christian Schools approximately blossomed around the 1700s (House p2 2007 Kazanjian on Walsh p.1 2006). The schools around these decades were actually classified as to a greater extent(prenominal) sectarian, that is, more Christian in practice and persuasion than their secular counterparts and not only that outnumber the latter(prenominal) in hurt of demographics. Protestant schools then, according to Houses research, had been very rigid in terms of bulk and types of academic matters.Back then, their educational instruction consisted of classical languages, literature and none other than Biblical instructions. What made it more complicated was that the Biblical studies were also based on both the Hebrew and the Grecian languages. Aside from these they also had to do the Iliad in the Greek version alongside Latin versions of Tacitus historical accounts. all the same in the elementary levels a typical child in some schools during the 1700s were able accomplished much(prenominal) feats as finishing the elementary grades with the aforementioned subjects.The thrust for college students during these early American Christian Schools on the other hand were to establish their abilities to reason, analysis and side which can be derived from a lengthy time fatigued on languages both the modern and the ancient at the same time weighty amount of tim e and efforts on mathematics. During these times however, the colleges and schools effectively instilled among their students a love for the institution and the especially patriotic loyalty to the sphere (White 1911). Results of a Christian training The rationale for such rigidity and highly verbal and personalized variation of instructions was primarily a better comprehension and understanding of the Scriptures. The Bible then is central to the ostensive process and where the activities revolved around the applications of the Scriptural truths. This was what was called as the colonial beginnings and continued on to the 1900s where the impetus was to instill the values drawn from inspiration of the Christian faith.The results that this kind of education bore on the society had been very influential and significantly important. Aside from instilling a high sense of individual ethics not only in the academic performance, what was more important was that there was a prevailing worl dview which was Christian. The results as well do not spill over only in their generation but benefit more those in the next generation (Dawson 1989). The premise for training students whether in the elementary to the collegiate or university level was to introduce the person to the mind of Christ and inculcate that kind of mind to the individual as he translates this worldview or persuasion into his/her everyday activities. Classical Christian education is word-oriented which implies that whatever compromises made today to resurrect classroom instructions which maybe basically Christian, cannot equate with what was then introduced during the Colonial days (Dawson 1989). Modern Christian Education and its advantage In schools such as the Seattle Pacific University which claims to have Christian philosophical perspective in their stance and training, the school argues that their advantage over others such as public secular schools in particular, has to with specifics like more focus ed thought and smaller number of students per class. This is to ensure that the students receive better sentiency and consideration from their instructors which usually boosts the morale of the student/s. The extensive help and advantages that students will gain from a Christian education encompass the morals and ethics consistently taught inside the four walls of the classroom (Veith 1994).Disadvantage of front Secular or Public School Higher Education Students today are exposed to a kind of education which at the surface attempts to integrate what is called a holistic viewpoint where values, democracy, intellectualism and humanistic understandings are introduced alongside art, English or languages, mathematics and others. To look from a distance these may probably develop a student to be more resilient or flexible, more tolerant of differing views which is called for in this era of diversity.However, the main and essential drawback comes in the form of a lack of clear focus or teaching and no apparent or unambiguous line of worldview to follow. The result is a person or individual whose sympathies and understanding of his/her world may change from time to time and consequently his/her attitudes, actions and behavior in umpteen respects of their lives (Rushdoony 1963).Conclusion The value that Christian education has introduced me personally is tremendous. Many aspects in my life especially many decisions that are made are anchored on the many opportunities that the Christian faith had influenced me through the school where I am being taught. What are the specific benefits I gained?The ethical and moral bearings that had helped me make decisions that jounce my life and the lives of people around me. This is important since whatever choice I make in some areas of my life, sooner or later this tend to affect those who love me and are supportive of me.The training is definitely different because it looks into how we treat others in the very basic human rel ations level. A Christian in the true sense of the word embodies one who deeply respects others even if they do not have the same religious persuasion as theirs. This is what I have observed distinctly from the general atmosphere of what secular schools have produced in their studentry and in their graduates.Lastly, the school personnel and staff as well as many in the teaching crew are convinced as well of the Christian faith that they are representing. Although not all may be embracing the same belief or banner of spirituality, nonetheless, there is an unwritten as well as commitment to the policies that are reflective of Scriptural truths. vestige the historical roots of this countrys school system back to colonial America, it is with great envy that what we have in our schools today or the Christian Schools are being hailed as Christian are actually far from the quality which characterized their colleges or academic institutions. Though difficult, they were able to harness th e best for a better nation.ReferenceValues what are they?2007. Family Works University of Illinois extension. Accessed December 1, 2007. http//www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/familyworks/values- 01.htmlDawson, Christopher. The Crisis of Western Education, Steubenville, Ohio Franciscan University Press, 1989 pp. 8-9.House, Ben.Classical Christian Education A Look at Some History 2007 Accessed December 2, 2007 http//www.reformed.org/master/index.html?mainframe=/ch ristian_education/classic_educ.htmlKazanjian, passe-partout Jr. and Peter Laurence (Eds). Education as Transformation Religious Pluralism, Spirituality, and a New Vision for Higher Education in America. Peter Lang Publishing, New York. 2006.Rushdoony,Rousas J, The Messianic Character of American Education, Philipsburg Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., 1963.Veith, divisor Edward Jr., Postmodern Times A Christian Guide to Contemporary Thought and Culture, (Wheaton Crossway Books, 1994.White, Henry Alexander. Confede rate Presbyterian Leaders, New York Neale Publishing Company, 1911. pp. 59-60.

Human Factor In The Aircraft Cabin Essay Example for Free

homosexual Factor In The Aircraft Cabin EssayThe term humankind factor has grown increasingly favorite as the commercial aviation industry has realized that human error, rather than mechanical failure, underlies most accidents and incidents. Human factor involves gathering information and putting it into practice to produce pencil eraser, comfort and effective human use. This is consequently translated into design, training policies and procedures to help humans perform better. The issues on safety should be addressed by ensuring priggish and effective communication strategies.Also the ability of the line of achievement crowd to maintain situation aw areness which involves universe aware of what is happening around and understand how information is to be put into action. Pilots should be well expert to handle and monitor flight automation and instruments to prevent confusion and errors during take-off and landing. Disciplinary measures should also be accentuate to avo id situations like drinking or neglecting duties.It is important to go over safety and emergency checklists to ascertain emergency equipments and other features specific to the aircraft type are in order and report to the pilot afterwards the preflight check. Before takeoff, unserviceable or missing items must be reported and rectified. The cabin must be monitored for unusual smell or situations and maintain precaution like keeping door locked while fueling. The crew should assist with the loading of baggage, check for size and dangerous goods.They then must do a safety demonstration and monitor passengers as they walk them through the safety procedures, and also secure the cabin by ensuring tray tables are stowed, seats are in upright position and seatbelts are fastened before takeoff. The secernate role of the flight attendant should be safety provision and provide a care bounteous and customer service to passengers. Presentation and personal appearance is important to inspire passenger confidence.The crew flight attendants are expected to be dressed well and be friendly. Human factor specialists should ensure the sidewalls are analyzed and improved for increased passenger comfort as well as modification of the in-flight amusement system. The In-flight Service Manager (ISM) and Customer Service Manager (CSM) should report when the cabin is secure for takeoff and landing. This ensures fit management and safe effective operation during both normal and emergency conditions.

Specialised Cells in Human Biology Essay Example for Free

Specialised Cells in sympathetic Biology EssayThe cellular phones in your embody atomic number 18 tiny-a row of ab show up forty would fit into 1mm. tho although they are too small to see with the naked eye their complexity is remarkable. A single cell cannister be thought of as an organised chemical system, separated from its disorganised surroundings by a membrane (Boyle et al 1999) First here is a brief summary of major eukaryotic organelles and their structures. The nucleus is the largest and most prominent organelle in the cell. It is usually spherical and about 10um in diameter. It contains the deoxyribonucleic acid and chromosomes and carries information that allows the cell to divide and carry out its cellular processes. Almost all eukaryote cells fool a nucleus. The nucleolus is located in the nucleus it is 1-2 um. Its function is to manu particularure ribosomes. The ribosomes are found both free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum R . E. R, They are 20nm in surface and their function is to synthesise the protein in the cell. The cell surface membrane controls the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell. It is partially permeable.It separates the cells contents from the external environment. It is a double layer of phospholipid molecules more or less 7-10nm thick. Cytoplasm is a change integrity like substance that fills the cell it is around 80% water. This is where cell activities occur and most chemical reactions curb place. Organelles are suspended in it. The R. E. R. occurs throughout the cytoplasm, it has an extensive membrane network. Its function is to isolate and transport newly synthesised proteins. The mitochondrion is numerous in cytoplasm and there are usually up to 1000per cell.Its function is aerophilous respiration and synthesises most of the A. T. P. for the cell. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum S. E. R. is found in small patches in the cytoplasm, they vary in size and their fu nction is to synthesise lipids and steroids. The muscle cells (see skeletal frame 1) that are found in the muscles that move the grind outside at joints in the skeleton. These cells allow for movement like walking or running. The skeletal muscle is do up of specialised cells also referred to as muscle fibres. These cells are long and thin, these elongated cells are hollow in appearance.The cells contain several nuclei for the cell to contract and relax the muscle the cell needs numerous nuclei as the nucleus contains the DNA the genetic information that carries the instructions for making each protein i. e. the first mistreat in making proteins takes place in the nuclei. The actual building of the proteins takes place in the sarcoplasm otherwisewise cognize as the cytoplasm. There is lots of mitochondria in the cell this because it is needed foe aerobic respiration to acquire the A. T. P. energy that is needed for the muscle to contract and relax.It is surrounded by the cel l membrane or the sarcolemma, fill with sarcoplasm. The sarcoplasm contains many thread like fibres known as myofibrils. These run along the length if the muscle fibres parallel. The sarcoplasmic retilum that is around each myofibril consists of a network of tubes that contain calcium ions these play a major routine in bringing about muscle movement. The neurone is the functional unit of the nervous system. They form connections with other neurones. They can carry electrical impulses in one direction receiving and transmitting information.The thicker the insulation the faster the electrical impulses travel. They are found in the brain or the spinal cord. They are long and thin in fact they are the longest cell in the body. They vary in shape and size depending on their business office and function. The neurones running down your leg can be over one metre long. Although all neurones nonplus a similar basic structure, see figure 2 which shows the structure of a typical go neurone. It transmits signals to muscle fibres. The cell body contains cytoplasm, a large nucleus which is found at the end of the cell and other organelles.Coming off the cell body are as many as cc thread like dendrites that make the area of the cell body larger, these allow many connections to be make to other neurones and one long limb called an axon. The dendrites bring impulses into the cell body while the axon brings impulses away to connect with other neurones or with effectors such as glands or muscles. A significant feature of a neurone is that their cell bodies contain nissi granules these work to be a maintenance system that monitors the cell. They are also the order of protein synthesis in the cell.The axoplasm or the cytoplasm extends throughout the cell into the dendrites, synoptic bulbs, cell body and axon. Materials stretchability different parts of the neurone by axoplasmic transport. Most human cells are microscopic. The largest cell in the human body is the egg cell or the ova. This is hardly visible with the naked eye. It needs to be bigger than other cells as it needs the space to store food reserves. It is large in diameter at 0. 2mm and has a large cytoplasm this is packed with food reserves which allow the cell to divide before it implants in to the nucleus.It has a large nucleus (see figure 3) this is because it contains all the genetic material of the cell including all of the DNA, 23 chromosomes and all of the information necessary to make a complete human being in just nine months. .The egg cell is surrounded by several layers of cells and the complete unit is called a follicle. The outturn of egg cells oogenesis takes place within the ovaries of the developing female fetus. At birth a girl already has two million. These fuse with the male gametes called spermatozoanatozoonatozoa or sperm in a process known as fertilisation.The resulting cell the zygote develops inside the uterus nourished by the placenta into a new individual. The s perm (see figure 4) has a large nucleus this is because it contains digestive enzymes it also contains the 21 chromosomes that must be delivered to the egg in order for the complete 42 chromosomes to be in the zygote, it also contains chemicals to penetrate the egg and carries genetic information. The sperm has many mitochondria this is because it needs a lot of energy for its long swim to the egg.It has a long underside called a flagellum that is a modified cilium that it uses for swimming to the egg cell. It is one of 50-200 million sperm that attempt the journey to the egg cell but only one can make it and alter the egg cell. When the sperm reaches the egg cell digestive enzymes that are found on the tip of the sperm head are released when the bag splits releasing the enzymes which digest a pathway through any stay follicle cells and the zona pellucida. Fertilisation has begun.

Student behaviour Essay Example for Free

Student behaviour Essay(This essay is written in a detailed manner. Students can be asked to summarise it in 250 words. Common usages which can be studied atomic number 18 given in italics. Alternative vocabulary is given in brackets. Teachers can encourage students to pay especial(a) attention to these words.) Poor student behaviour is a major problem faced by schools crossways the globe especially in the western world. This is due to (this can be attributed to) certain sociological and psychological problems that are encountered, while bringing up children. Both parents and teachers should play a responsible role in tackling (handling, solving, dealing with) this problem in effect.Parents today have too many responsibilities, other than (apart from) looking after the personal matters of their families, which has resulted in children getting less attention and care. Parents need to inculcate (instill) good values in early children and discipline them at an early age, or el se (if not) it would result in disruptive (unruly) behaviour at star sign and in school. In many instances, children are left alone in the company of television sets, computer screens and toys, and consequently, (as a consequence, as a result) they fail to develop (lack) interpersonal skills and human values, which they learn by interacting with their parents and siblings.Furthermore, parents deliver them with many material comforts, which can sometimes (may) make them selfish and greedy. Children who come from much(prenominal) family backgrounds (would) a great deal wee many problems for teachers and their schoolmates. Parents should never shy away from (shirk their responsibility of) spending quality time with their children on a regular basis, which would help them to monitor their childrens behaviour and give suitable advice whenever there is a need. other reason for problematic behaviour among children is that teachers lack effective training in dealing with children who have divers(a) behavioural and psychological inadequacies (problems). Children, who come from broken or problematic families, in order to ventilate their frustration, often create problems in schools, which can only be tackled by practised teachers or counsellors. Many teachers rifle defensive and show little tact when children show such behavioural abnormalities. Erratic handling of such problems can result in (lead to) aggravating the issue. I believe that this problem can be effectively addressed if parents and teachers are trained in scientific ways of dealing with children. Schools should appoint specially trained counsellors, who can assist teachers in dealing with problematic children.As mentioned above, both parents and teachers have a critical role to play in normalising the behaviour of children in schools. Scientific ways of handling children with troublesome behaviour can go a long way in dealing with them efficiently.

Biopure Case Study Essay Example for Free

Biopure Case Study endeavorThe key issue is to determine when Oxyglobin should be introduced to the market without jeopardizing Hemopures emf and how it should be marketed.In addressing the issue, the hobby were considered a sensitivity analysis for potential habit of various value series, associated revenues and cost, and rude gain ground from different distribution methods.It is recommended that Biopure1. Introduce Oxyglobin immediately at a price of $100 to veterinarians. 2. Have an independent gross sales force distribute the product to maximize profits. 3. Advertise Oxyglobin in both veterinarian journals and trade shows. 4. march a successful brand to launch Hemopure in the future. 5. Oxyglobin should be advertisedBased on early(a) Massachusetts companies initiatives that have not gotten FDA thanksgiving in the last few years, it is safe to assume that it is a possibility not to get the approval or to be given the approval rather posthumous as it happened to B axter. Further, the potential dip in the stock price if Hemopure were rejected drop be avoided if the caller acts quickly and takes advantage of a market that currently has no competition the animal lineage switch market. Obtaining market share is critical now that Biopures Oxyglobin has been approved. Biopure has a chance to be the first histrion to enter this market and recover its research and development costs within two years.Even when Biopure was mainly focused on developing a human rip substitute, the opportunistic development and later approval of Oxyglobin, an animal blood substitute, is a valuable opportunity that has to be considered. Exhibits A and B place potential demand (1995) at 3.9 one thousand thousand units for noncritical cases and 0.35 one gazillion million units for critical mavins. Further, Exhibit C shows the probability of consumption in units after factoring in the probability that veterinarians and pet owners would try Oxyglobin at different pric e series. The table shows that at $100 a unit, Oxyglobin would be used in 81% of critical cases and in 28% of noncritical cases.Hemopure, the human blood substitute, was only about to enter the third phase of the FDA clinical trials. Only because Oxyglobin and Hemopure are almost identical in physical properties and appearance, it does not mean that they cannot be priced differently. there are currently different medical products and services for humans and animals that are differently priced. Exhibit 8 from the case shows that very few veterinarian procedures are priced over $100. In contrast, a human blood transfusion is priced above $1500 without insurance according to the Houston Memorial Hospital.Hemopures market consists of people who lose blood in large quantities like in accidents, gunshots. And and aging population (double of what it is today by 2030) in fatality of Red Blood Cells to treat certain conditions like chronic anemia and acute blood loss. entryway Oxyglobin a t a low price would not necessarily create an unrealistic price antepast for Hemopure because human health care is far more expensive than animal care. Additionally, the emerging and growing fatality for blood substitutes will yield great demand in the following years which will turn in to higher selling prices for Biopure, all things equal.Despite the fact that Baxter International launched the first human blood substitute, HemAssist (presumably priced in the midst of $600 and $800), Baxter Internationals and Northfield Laboratories blood substitutes rely on outdated human blood as a source of hemoglobin which is more expensive than Biopures raw materials (bovine blood) at $1.50 a unit. Moreover, their products need to be frozen until used, while Biopures products are shelf-stable at room temperature. This makes Biopures products more advantageous because buyers can save money on refrigeration costs as the comp any makes a higher profit because of their raw materials lower pri ce.In terms of production, Biopure has capacity to produce only one product at a time, namely, an annual capacity of 300,000 units of Oxyglobin or 150,000 units of Hemopure or some linear faction of the two. On the other hand, Baxter has a production capacity of 1,000,000 Northfields capacity is at 10,000 units per year, which is considerably slight than Biopure. According to Exhibit D, potential demand for Oxyglobin alone priced at $100 is 1.3 million. Biopure does not have any competition but cannot supply that level of output presently, which would potentially raise prices as demand skyrockets one time the product is introduced in the market.Biopure conducted two surveys that showed customers willingness to try the product at a higher price depends on the gravity of the emergency. Exhibit E shows that by selling the product at $100 a unit, $137 million can be generated in revenue, which is more than the revenue that can be obtained when selling it at any other price. This has to do with the probability of consumption and its correlation to the gravity of pets situations in general.Veterinarians have expressed their foiling with current animal blood distribution. Biopure has two options distribution options National-Regional-Local and Independent Sales Force. Comparing distribution costs from Exhibits F and G, it is clear that going for the independent sales force approach Biopure can more than number costs by half. Distributing the product (at $100 a unit) with the NRL option would cost around $41 million as opposed to $18 million with independent sales distribution.Exhibits H and I show that the highest gross profit attainable is $120 million when using an independent sales force and pricing Oxyglobin at $100 a unit for veterinarians. These and all exhibits show that Biopure should launch Oxyglobin immediately and recoup the $200 million developing costs in only two years.

Kite Runner response text analyses Essay Example for Free

Kite Runner response text analyses undertakeThe Kite Runner tells us, through Rahkim khan that, True redemption is when criminality leads to safe again Rahkim Khan states. Throughout the course of The Kite Runner there are many characters that have committed offends and later on attempted to redeem themselves. The Kite Runner structured around main characters, emir and Baba and their acts of betrayal. The impact of these acts continues to be felt throughout the novel manifesting itself in emeers guilt ridden narrative. However, guilt is not enough. The need for redemption and reconciliation is what these characters seek.There is away to be good again the kite runner shows that this is along painful unless ultimately positive journey. Amirs feelings of guilt spring from incidents of betrayal throughout his childhood. Since 1975 when Amir go steadyed as Hassan was raped in an alleyway by Assef, I ran because I was coward. I was afraid of Assef and what he would do to m e Amir feels blameful for his cowardice s but it was not fear that drove him away the real rea male child Amir ran was Baba. Amir was so envious of Baba and Hassans friendship that he thought Assef was right. Maybe Hassan was the price I had to stick out the lamb I had to slay to win Baba.He was just a Hazara wasnt he? This event not only affected Hassan and Amirs friend ship but still made Amir highly avaricious of Babas concern for Hassan, I havent seen much of Hassan in the last few days Baba said I couldnt booster hating the way his brow furrowed with worry Amirs selfish personality handy caps his chance to be good again and redeem himself for the past. Amir places Hassan in the position to be framed and sets him up for theft of Amirs birthday presents, this incident clearly shows that Amir approaches atonement the wrong way.I lifted Hassans mattress and planted my new watch and a handful of afghani bills under it then I knocked on babas door and told what I hoped would be the last in a long line of shameful lies. Hassans loyalty leads to Ali and his departure to grant Amirs wish, I wanted Baba all to myself Amirs actions changed his and Babas lifespan forever. Amir has stolen his scrams right to a best friend, his relationship with his hidden son and taken away Ali and Hassans job and security within their family. In many respects, Amirs adult personality is at a time the direct result of this childhood, feelings of guilt and betrayal.Amir attempts to redeem himself by planting money in Fahibs family household I did something I had done 26 years earlier I planted a handful of crumpled money under a mattress. He also tries to ally his feelings of guilt by taking Sohrab out of Afghanistan and back to America, the way he should have done with Hassan. In All Amirs efforts, he does change by reversal a better person once he is situated in America however he doesnt redeem himself for what he did as a child. Nothing will, It didnt make everything all right, it didnt make everything all right.Amir is not all to blame for his insecurity and lack of self-esteem, this personality is the result of Babas bad parenting. If I hadnt seen the reestablish pull him out of my wife with my own eyes, Id never believe hes my son. Baba is not a supporting father towards Amir or Hassan. Throughout the book, Baba tries to redeem and atone himself for neglecting a secret child. He attempts to achieve this by raising Hassan equality to Amir however by doing this it disallows Baba to be close to Amir as feelings of guilt towards Hassan arise hence taking the right to a loving family away from Amir and Hassan, for not verbalise the truth.Babas betrayal is directed at Ali for sleeping with his wife. Theres only one sin and that is theft. Every other sin is a variation of theft Baba illustrates his deduction to atone for his actions using his wealth he builds and orphanage for outlawed or orphaned children. Baba feeds the poor with his ceremoni al lamb money. Baba also using his courage and urge to action for what is right this is evident when he protects the afghani women in chapter ten from the Russian soldier, ill take a thousand of his bullets before I let this indecency take place. Babas decision to abandon home and his plain are a evident sign of sacrifice to secure Amirs long-term welfare and happiness.His attempts of redemption and atonement to be good again result in his feelings of achievement the day that he dies. Tonight I am much too happy If The Kite Runner tells us anything it is that redemption is a life long task, through which a person seeks to become Good Again. A person needs to clear themselves of their sins and absolve them of guilt in order to go on living their lives. Throughout the corse of The kite Runner, we learn that guilt is not enough. To be good again is more than the journey of redemption and atonement it is the destination.

Responsive Web Design Essay Example for Free

Responsive clear Design EssayEthan Marcotte, author of this authentic A List Apart article back in 2010, provided us with the concept of Responsive Web Design. Removing the need to develop multiple versions of the same site for different devices, its popularity led to the release of his book.Id like to parting with you a few concepts of Responsive Web Design, allowing the content and structure of the website conform to that of the device or browser. start each lay come out, we typically rely on pixels. Measuring the width of our structure from the design document. Ethans concept suggests use percentages. Requiring a little more calculation, but otherwise fairly simple.Now since we do not deprivation to simply shrink everything down, we combine this with the use of CSS Media Queries. These can be thought of as conditional CSS, allowing us to alter the structure as a whole when the browser coat drops below a sure size.Check out this article for a more detailed explanation on media queries http//css-tricks.com/css-media-queries/Now since two-baggers dont slump themselves into the containing structure like text does, we have to call on the use of JavaScript. We can save out two versions of the image, one optimized for mobile and another for browsers capable of larger sizes and resolutions. The JavaScript is then used to render the image proportionally and at the appropriate resolution.After hearing Ethan discuss this concept at Front-End design crowd in 2011, fellow WDD instructors and I found ourselves very excited about it. Now most users do not actively resize their browser as they experience the web, but we found that we disliked that the unrelenting re-render as you do. To this end, Ive created an alternate solution based off of Ethans original concept.Start off by structure out your structure at the maximum size. Then, calculate out what the required minimum browser size is in order to view this correctly. Just as in the original concept, yo u add additional CSS victimisation Media Queries to make adjustments. The difference is that you continue to use pixels instead of percentages. As any item can serene be hidden, moved, or shrunk, this allows for a full range of layouts, ones which snap to place at certain intervals, preferably than doing so continually.Now some may argue that if the users browser falls in-between these content sizes that permeate real-estate is still being wasted. I am willing to concede this point, however feel this is minimal. The avoidance of any unwanted readability issues caused from the auto-format outweighs the negatives.

Transformative Learning Theory and Multiple Intelligences Essay Example for Free

Transformative Learning speculation and Multiple paroles EssayThis author locution paper is about transformative attainment theory and quadruplicate watchwords. Sunny Cooper (2004) stated that the study of transformational development emerged with the work of Jack Mezirow (1981, 1994, 1997). Transformational uplifting is defined as learning that induces more far-reaching change in the scholar than other kinds of learning, especi in ally learning experiences which shape the learner and produce a signifi monger impact, or range of a function shift, which affects the learners subsequent experiences (para. 2). Cooper and Wallace (2004) stated that transformational learning was reviewed in four aras (1) theories of transformational learning, (2) roles of participants in transformative programs, including students and instructors, (3) course limit, environments and instructional activities as they continue to transformational learning, and (4) challenges for instructors who t each transformational material (para. 1). According to Armstrong (2009), the theory of multiple intelligences was developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner, prof of education at Harvard University.It suggests that the traditional notion of intelligence, ground on I.Q. testing, is far too limited. Dr. Gardner proposes eight unalike intelligences to account for a broader range of human potential in children and adults. These eight intelligences ar Linguistic, Logical Mathematical, spacial, corporal kinaesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal and Naturalist (para. 1). According to Wallace, she described Transformative Learning Theory as a adult education based theory that suggests modalitys in which adults make meaning of their lives. It looks at deep learning, not just content or process learning, as critical as those both are for many kinds of learning, and examines what it takes for adults to move from a limited k at presentledge of knowing what they know without in terrogative sentenceing (usually from their cultures, families, organizations and society). It looks at what mechanisms are required for adults to identify, assess and valuate substitute(a) sources of information, often sources that may looks at how adults can identify,assess and evaluate new-fashioned information, and in rough cases, reframe their world-view through the incorporation of new knowledge or information into their world-view or belief system.According to Mezirow (1991), the roles of participants in transformative programs, including students and instructors. The educators must help learners become aware and critical of their own and others assumptions. Learners need practice in recognizing frames of extension phone and using their imaginations to redefine problems from a different perspective (p. 11). According to Mezirow (1991), course content, environments and instructional activities help the students relate to transformational learning. The key bringing close together is to help the learners actively engage the concepts presented in the context of their own lives and collectively critically assess the justification of new knowledge. According to Columbia University, the challenges for instructors who teach transformational material is very important because transformational learn goal is to create independent, self directed, self-motivated learners who are capable of critiquing and directing their own work, who are open to alternative viewpoints, and who collect strongly developed higher order rallying skills (para 1).During the fifth week in class, this source made up a question asking In order to practice and teach transformative learning the instructor must experience transformative learning The answer is True. This writer found one college on the wedded Site that teach instructor transformational learning. http//www.columbia.edu/cu/tat/pdfs/Transformational%20Teaching.pdf (Teacher Center located at the Columbia University in th e city of New York. According to Armstrong (2009), Gardner, described the eight multiple intelligences theory in detail to a lower place and they are 1. Linguistic information the capacity to use language to express whats on your perspicacity and to come across other multitude. Any kind of writer, orator, speaker, lawyer, or other person for whom language is an important stock in trade has great linguistic intelligence. Writers, poets, lawyers and speakers are among those that Howard Gardner sees as having high linguistic intelligence.2. Logical/Mathematical Intelligence the capacity to understand the underlying principles of some kind of causal system, the way a scientist or a logician does or to manipulate numbers, quantities, and operations, the way a mathematician does. . In Howard Gardners words, it entails the ability todetect patterns, reason deductively and look at logically. This intelligence is most often associated with scientific and mathematical thinking. 3. Music al Rhythmic Intelligence the capacity to think in music to be able to hear patterns, recognize them, and perhaps manipulate them. People who have strong musical intelligence dont just remember music easily, they cant get it out of their minds, its so omnipresen. According to Howard Gardner musical intelligence runs in an almost structural parallel to linguistic intelligence.4. Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence the capacity to use your whole organic structure or parts of your body (your hands, your fingers, your arms) to solve a problem, make something, or put on some kind of production. The most evident examples are great deal in athletics or the performing arts, particularly dancing or acting. Howard Gardner sees mental and physical exercise as related. 5. Spatial Intelligence the ability to represent the spatial world internally in your mind the way a sailor or airplane pilot navigates the large spatial world, or the way a chess player or sculptor represents a more circumscribed spatial world. Spatial intelligence can be used in the arts or in the sciences. 6. Naturalist Intelligence the ability to discriminate among living things (plants, animals) and sensitivity to other features of the natural world (clouds, rock configurations). This ability was distinctly of value in our evolutionary past as hunters, ga in that locationrs, and farmers it continues to be central in such roles as botanist or chef. 7. Intrapersonal Intelligence having an understanding of yourself knowing who you are, what you can do, what you want to do, how you react to things, which things to avoid, and which things to gravitate toward. We are drawn to people who have a good understanding of themselves.They tend to know what they can and cant do, and to know where to go if they need help. 8. Interpersonal Intelligence the ability to understand other people. Its an ability we all need, but is especially important for teachers, clinicians, salespersons, or politicians -anybody who deals with other people. During my teenage years, this writer assumed that people were born(p) with special brains, special brains cells or special pysch power to out perform other people prevalent ability with in the eight multiple intelligences group. According to Gardner, he stated that it true that some people possesses all eight intelligences and can develop all eight to a reasonable level of competence. This writer knowledge from the class discussions and assignedreading on multiple intelligences had enhance my understanding why some people exciled more in one or all of the multiple intelligence group. This writer no longer feels insecure to other people with a higher intelligence then mine.This writer multiple intelligence is the naturalist intelligence because I enjoy planting flowers in the garden and growing regeneration of vegetable in the garden. During the sixth week in class, this writer made up a question asking Why did Dr. Howard Gardner introduce the multiple intellie nces theory? This writer answer was Dr. Howard Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences in his classic book, Frames of Mind in 1983. In this scholarly work Dr. Gardner provided extensive support for his proposition that there is more to intelligence than what shows up on an IQ score. Based on a unique rendering of intelligence and eight criteria, he carefully describes how a broad array of evidence supports the powerful idea that the human mind possesses at least heptad distinct forms of intelligence. In 1996 he added the eighth intelligence to the list, Naturalist, in recognition that the understanding of living things is not sufficiently covered by the original seven intelligences. http//www.miresearch.org/mi_theory.html this web site gives you more in-depth detail about Dr. Howard Gardner and his eight multiple intelligences theory.According to Mezirow (1991) Transformative Learning Theory provides a structure and process through which to better understand adult growth and development. Early theorists including denim Piaget and Maria Montessori, developed very thorough theories about childhood development and for years few scholars probed how adults learn and make meaning of their lives. Mezirow (1991) study on women returning to school as adults, discovered much of what we now know as Transformative Learning Theory, a theory that started with Mezirow and has been greatly enriched by many others. This writer is a transformative learning because I am a female adult over fifth years over-the-hill and it is hard trying to re-train my brain to retain new information.The instructors and other staff members at Spring mandril University helped developed my frame of reference by motivating me to enhance my mind by learning new information. According to Jack Mezirow (1991) the frame of reference is defined as Adults have acquired a coherent body of experience associations, concepts, values, feelings, conditioned response called frames of reference that define aperson life world. Frames of reference are the structures of assumptions through which a person understand the experiences. A frame of reference encompasses cognitive, co-native, and emotional components, and is composed of twain dimensions, habits of mind and a point of view (p. 5).ReferencesCooper, Sunny., (2004). Theories of Learning in Educational Psychology Jack MezirowTransformational Theory. Retrieved celestial latitude 14, 2012,http//www.lifecircles-inc.com/Learningtheories/humanist/mezirow.html Mezirow, Jack, (1991). Article called Transformative learning Theory to practice (pp. 5-11). Retrieved December 12, 2012 and Web Sit http//www.lifecircles-inc.com/Learningtheories/humanist/mezirow.htmlSmith, chase K. (2002, 2008). Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences, theencyclopedia of informal education. Retrieved December 14, 2012,http//www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm.Wallace, Scott., (no year). Transformative learning Theory. Retrieved December 14,2012., h ttp//transformativelearningtheory.com/

The Use Of Mobile Devices In Schools

The Use Of spry Devices In SchoolsMost of our tellrooms of today do not differ much from those of the 19th hundred, chalk and talk, as well as desk and texts (Roschelle et al. 2000 76) argon still the primary structure of classroom lessons as they were back then. ba blaspheme yet, as apologiseed by Roschelle et al. (2000), todays curricula, together with societal demands, expects students to learn and know a lot much than previous(prenominal) generations. With time, technology increases rapidly and becomes more ubitquitous.Mobile devices subscribe become an integral part of the 21st coulomb student. From cell ph hotshots to mp3 players, digital cameras to rambling t adaptedts. These atomic number 18 their tools that is deal extentions to their brain (Prensky 2005 10) that they theatrical role in their e actuallyday lives. Educating students without these tools is standardized educating a doctor whithout a scalpel. The design of spry technology to facilitate training is slowly startle to emerge as an area of its birth and refered to as m- acquirement.This re receive give be looking at what research has been fasten in the literature regarding the single-valued function and integration of supple devices in the educational system.enquiry TopicThe chosen research topic is part of an existing research project where Android energetic tablets are go badd to schools with mathematics content on. The purpose of my research will be to evaluate the exercisefulness of the mobipads in take foring mathematics learning in classrooms. This research topic falls into the broad area of unstable learning (m-learning).ProblemOutside of schools, new technology such as liquid devices is changing the charge we find information, how we learn and even how we are entertained, but, although our education institutes are aware of these happenings outside of schools, they still stamp out the exercising of mobile phones and other mobile devices ( beau 2009 73). It is inevitable that technology, but especially mobile devices, needs to be integrated into the instruction system which leaves us with the movement How lowlife mobile devices be integrated into our learning institues to be perceived consumptionful by both educators and learners?Main Research QuestionAs verbalise is Section 2, I will be conducting research within an existing project which aims to suggest one way to address the problem as stated in Section 3. My main research question then will be Are mobile devices such as Android mobile tablets a useful tool to support the learning of mathematics in classrooms?BackgroundBackground to Topicdigital natives is what students of today are called according to Prensky (2005 8), because they grew up and live in the digital world of today (Franklin Peng, 2008 69). thus they are very familier with all types of mobile devices as they use it in their everyday lives in legion(predicate) day-to-day activities.When mobile devices (exclud ing mobile phones) first made their appearance, they were referred to as handheld computers and where merely just plain down versions of their more complex desktop predecessors (Squire, 2009 71). Squire (2009) further let offs that researchers began to study mobile devices more in depth to find out what makes it unique and how it can be used. Anytime/anywhere is the most unique characteristic of mobile devices.Mobile learning (m-learning) is a phenomenon that is rapidly evolving as more and more people rely on their mobile devices to provide them with inevitable information at any time and any location. accord to Chang, Sheu and Chan (2003 337) m-learning consits of three necessary elements the mobile learning device the communication infrastructure and a learning activity. Huang and Lin (2007585) defines mobile learning as activities in which people use mobile devices such as cellphones, personal digital assistants (PDA), mobile tablets (mobipads), etc. to facilitate learning, studying or teaching of any kind. Ting (2005) goes further by stating that mobile learning is not aimed at replacing the traditional classroom learning system, but it provides an excess way to get learning content and to embed learning into the day-to-day lives of people. Huang Lin (2007) cunducted research in the drug user acceptance of m-learning. Their reseach findings suggest that individuals perceive m-learning as omnipresent and easy to use and with the mobility it offers, m-learning is regared as a very useful by students.Mathematics has always been known as a problem subject that students underachieves in and struggles to understand. Rubin (1999 3) presents that it is due to the fact that mathematics is a great deal viewed as an abstract topic, filled with symbols and invisible concepts. He continues to argue that the lack of dynamic and opthalmic illustrations of the maths concepts, makes it all the more difficult to understand, especially for the 21st century stude nt that is more visual orientated. According to Rubin (1999 3), technology can friend to create dynamic visual images. Franklin and Peng (2008) did just that. They distrubuted iPod Touch mobile devices in an eighth grade math class where the students created math videos to explain difficult math concepts to their fellow students. Some of the students responded by saying that in order to be able to create proper videos, it required them to think harder and long about the mathematics concepts and that they realized how hard it is to explain maths to others. Swan, van t Hooft and Kratcoski (2005 100) supports Franklin and Pengs (2008) findings by stating that the use of mobile devices can support personalized and collaborative learning.Swan et al. (2005) provided a sample of students with mobile computing devices to take home with them. Their results shows that these devices were not only utilise inside the formal environment of school, but alike infomrally outside of school boundr ies to facilitate learning. This can be partly explained by the fact that students having a mobile device in hand feels like minute nature to students of the contemporary age, it keeps them busy and entertained. Swan et al. (2005 100) found that students were more motivated and engaged in more learning activites which resulted in students being more productive. Students victimization mobile technologies to collaboratively perform problem-solving activities, screens to pass on a lordly influence on their level of understanding of the processes and content (Klopfer, Yoon Rivas 2004 348). In their research case study, Franklin and Peng (2008 78) found that using technology even helped special education students to better understand the concepts of the mathematics and kept them interested in the content of the work for longer.As previously discussed, the flowing generation of students arouse up constantly unfastened to technology and thus are more technology literate than those students of a decade ago (Swan et al. 2005). property in pass the increasing use of mobile caper devices and video gaming consoles, Squire (2009) investigated how the use of mobile devices ousite of the school environment relates learning and education. Squire (2009 72) argues that although the utilization of mobile devices in formal schooling environments are coming around slowly, there already is a big emerging market for gaming companies to develop games for learning. Nintendos Brain Age product and More Brain Training advertising campaigns and UbiSofts My Spanish passenger vehicle is a few examples the Squire (200972) mentions were one can see that more gaming companies are development educational games that facilitates round sort of learning.Squire collaborated with Klopfer in (Klopfer Squire, 2008) to investigate the use of augmented reality (AR) games for learning purposes in educational institutes. AR games were developed on the concept that students are players with in virtual worlds that are created by the game based on real worlds, and move around, interact and respond to simulated activities (Squire, 2009 73). Squire (2009 73) explains further that while students move finished this virtual version of a real world, they get get to to news clips, historical photographs and other multimedia data relevant to the specific place they are in within the game. Squire (2008 73) found that through and through this kind of learning, students develop a tendency to ask deeper questions in problem-solving situations.More reseach do by Klopfer and Squire (2008 6) brought to light that there are numerous entertainment and educational applications for mobile devices that only enhances these devices teaching potential. All of these apllications are developed with the chatacteristics of mobile technology in mind that includes portibility, connectivity and individuality. These entertainment and educational application offers features like real-time data on a wide drop of subjects, immediate feedback on questions and aswers and facilitation of group work by students.Through the literature, it is becoming evident that educators are starting signal to believe that they can use the unique facilities that mobile devices offers to keep students engaged and more easily distribute the plywork and content to them (Franklin Peng, 2008 71).Schools of mentation emerging from literatureIn the literature it comes across that the general school of thinking falls within an interpretivism paradigm which, according to Oats (2006 291), is used to understand the social context of something. The use of mobile devices is by itself of social nature because it is used to communicate with others, work collaboratively with others and to entertain. When one studies the use of mobile devices, the use of data gathering modes like interviews, questionnaires and diary studies or journal studies are used were the learners are asked to dismember themselves in te rms of their own thought and learning experiences (Pachler et al. 2010 71) with regards to using these mobile devices. This goes together with observations that the researcher does in the natural environment where the mobile technology are being utilized. This kind of research is usually done over a time period, to be able to get a more holistic view of the specific phenomenon. The case study research strategy allowed Franklin and Peng (2008) to give an indepth discussion of the utilization of iPod Touch mobile devices in two middle schools. Klopfer and Squire (2008) conducted a series of discriptive case studies to learn what the users experiences were of learning through augmented reality games and found it to be a strategy that gets user data quickly and leeds to a rich and detailed description thereof. They gathered their data through participant observaton, unstructured interviewsTo research the use of mobile tablets in a classroom environment for learning mathematics, I will b e adjacent the above school of thinking as I think it is most relevant.Many studies do retrace the more scientific methods by making use of experiments that they implement in the field to determine the event of the implementation of the mobile devices. Scanlon, Jones and Waycot (20057) refers to an experiment done on a sample of secondary school students. severally student was given a Pocketbook and were instructed to do a few activites with it. Questionairs served as a pre- and post-intervention measurement. A simmular research structure was followed by Klopfer et al. (2004). Rivera (n.d.) conducted a quasi-experiment with a control group and treatment group to canvas the effects of integrating technology such as skype to communicate with educators and online interactive white boards for online tutoring sessions. Rivera used the course exams as a measuring instrument as well as the amount of times the students accessed the online help site for the course. Observing the two con trol groups in their classroom environment and online was another gata gathering method that she utilized.Sometimes authors combine different research strategies to best suit their research objectives. Huang and Lin (2007) made use of an online check out as a means of gathering data which they then statistically analysed to be able to prove or disprove hypothesis. When authors follow a more scientific school of thinking, generally the data is statistically analised to answer their research questions and draw conclusions from.ChallengesThe following are challenges that have been identified by the literature regarding the use of mobile devices for educational purposes in classrooms lose of skilful support. During their research Franklin and Peng (200875) that the need for quality technical support is critical. Challenges that they came accros was the provision of wireless technology without an expert to set it up. Although, the teacher had to contact the principle everytime a websit e that the students needed to work on, got blocked. It is not uncommon that schools are provided with technology to use in their classrooms, but without the necessary technical support and expertise. This can place a big damper on the idea that technology in classrooms is a fun experience and rather easy to use.The scarcity of recharging stations for the mobile devices. Providing facilities for roughly 40 students per class is a primary challenge (Franklin Peng, 2008 76) that cannot be avoided when wanting to introduce mobile devices into classrooms.Technology skills of educator. Educators of the classes where the mobile devices are implemented, first needs to develop and learn the necessary technology skills to operate the mobile devices (Franklin Peng, 2008). This will be a challenge especially when the educator is of an older generation that did not necessarily grow up with technology and was not previously exposed to a lot of technology. Roschelle et al. (2000 90) argues that technology support for teachers is often overlooked easily.The curriculum needs rethinking. Squire (2009 73) expresses difficulties of trying to integrate the mobile media devices into the traditional schooling structure. Franklin and Peng (2008 76) argues that presenting subjects like maths visually and with the use of technology, is a foreign concept for most educators in schools.The schools capacity to change. Roschelle et al. (2000 91) argues the some schools are more reluctant at accepting the use of technology into their classrooms and curriculum. They still view the use of mobile devices for learning as foreign and unknown and therefore prefer to hold on to their current schooling structure.OpportunitiesThe following opportunities for further research in the field of m-learning and mobile devices in education that have been identified by the literatureHuang and Lin (2007 586) states that not much empirical research has been done on on mobile learning from the perspective of t he learner. They argue that m-learning can only be improved if the behaviour, experiences and acceptance of the user of m-learning is studied.According to Squire (2009 70) there has been little research done on to study and understand the impact of mobile media on learning where the mobile device is used outside of formal structures and in students own time. This is supported by Scanlon et al. (2005 2) when he identifies that there is a need for research on the learning of experience on mobile devices in an informal setting.Roschelle et al. (2000 76) states that further case study research is needed to mark ways to use mobile technology that will support learning most effectively and the made implementation thereof.More case study research is needed to investigate and better understand the aspects of peoples daily lives where they use mobile devices (Scanlon et al. 2005) and how m-learning relates to that.The use of mobile devices for educational purposes in classrooms as an m-le arning tool offers several advantages and opportunities for the students as well as their societyStudents can share the knowledge on the mobile devices with their peers in collaborative activities and with other friends or family at home. This opportunity was revealed when Franklin Peng (2008 77) saw students sharing their earphones with someone else so both can whatch the educational videos on the iPod Touch.Students are provided with the opportunities of anytime/anywhere learning (Squire 2009 71). Scanlon et al. (2005 6) supports this by stating that due to the fact that mobile devices are rather affordable and provide portability, accessibility and immediacy, students can get what they need, when they need it (Staudt Hsi, 1999 In Scanlon et al. 2005 6) and not be bound by their physical location.Students do not just learn about the subject presented by the mobile device, but they also learn how to use the technology, as some students do not have the technology at home and thus not the opportunity of learning about it otherwise (Franklin Peng 2008). This is priceless to the students development and crucial skills to have in their future.Roschelle et al. (2000 88) identify a few advantages that doing mathematics on technology devices have for the students (1) students can explore different ways of solving problems by because they can change and bullshit mathematical notations quickly and then (2) receive immediate feedback on the correctness of their notion and (3) students can make more sence out of the maths contect by either associating mathematical concepts to data from the real world or simulations thereof.ConclusionFrom the research it is clear that both researcher and educators have noticed the fast growing phenomenon that is m-learning through mobile devices. It is slowly but surely redesigning the chalk talk and desk and texts structure of our classrooms. Numerous studies have been done by researchers, some even collaborated with educators, to e xamine the presence, effects and uses of mobile devices in schools that facilitate learning in both formal and informal settings.Mobile devices offer some unique opportunitiesLearning is no longer dependent on the location of the learner, but rather, anyone with a mobile device and the needed wireless continuative can learn anything, anywhere and anytime.Knowledge can be shared a lot easier and promotes collaborative learning.Users of the device do not just learn about the content on it, but also about the technology they are working with.The different uses of mobile devices in peoples everyday lives.Because the use of mobile devices in schools is still relatively new, there are some challenges that were identified through literatureLack of technical support with problems and queries in the classes where mobile devices are being used.The scarcity of recharging stations for the mobile devices in classrooms.Educators need to develop or update their technology skills before they can f acilitate a class where the devices are used.The education curriculum needs to be revised in order to facilitate the use of mobile devices and utilize it to its full potential.Some schools still view the use of mobile devices for learning as foreign and unknown and therefore they are reluctant to change.It is sure that, by time, these challenges will be get well more easily. Drawn from the research, it can be said with certainty that the use of mobile technology in education institutes is the way of the future, but a lot more research is needed on how to utilize it successfully to provide the youth with quality education that will allow them to strive in the world. By researching the effectiveness of using mobile tablets (mobipads) in classrooms as a tool for learning mathematics, will land to the m-learning body of knowledge in a much needed way.Word count 3160